Shell - IO-16 Bricklet – Tinkerforge

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# Shell - IO-16 Bricklet

This is the description of the Shell API bindings for the IO-16 Bricklet. General information and technical specifications for the IO-16 Bricklet are summarized in its hardware description.

An installation guide for the Shell API bindings is part of their general description.

## Examples

The example code below is Public Domain (CC0 1.0).

### Interrupt

Download (example-interrupt.sh)

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    #!/bin/sh
    # connects to localhost:4223 by default, use --host and --port to change it

    # change to your UID
    uid=XYZ

    # enable interrupt on pin 2 of port a: (1 << 2) = 4
    tinkerforge call io16-bricklet $uid set-port-interrupt a 4

    # handle incoming interrupt callbacks
    tinkerforge dispatch io16-bricklet $uid interrupt

### Output

Download (example-output.sh)

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    #!/bin/sh
    # connects to localhost:4223 by default, use --host and --port to change it

    # change to your UID
    uid=XYZ

    # set pin 0 on port a to output low: (1 << 0) = 1
    tinkerforge call io16-bricklet $uid set-port-configuration a 1 out false

    # set pin 0 and 7 on port b to output high: (1 << 0) | (1 << 7) = 129
    tinkerforge call io16-bricklet $uid set-port-configuration b 129 out true

## API

Possible exit codes for all `tinkerforge` commands are:

- 1: interrupted (ctrl+c)
- 2: syntax error
- 21: Python 2.5 or newer is required
- 22: Python `argparse` module is missing
- 23: socket error
- 24: other exception
- 25: invalid placeholder in format string
- 26: authentication error
- 201: timeout occurred
- 209: invalid argument value
- 210: function is not supported
- 211: unknown error

### Command Structure

The common options of the `call` and `dispatch` commands are documented here. The specific command structure is shown below.

tinkerforge `call` `io16-bricklet` [<option>..] <uid> <function> [<argument>..]

  Parameters:

  - <uid> -- string
  - <function> -- string

  The `call` command is used to call a function of the IO-16 Bricklet. It can take several options:

  - `--help` shows help for the specific `call` command and exits
  - `--list-functions` shows a list of known functions of the IO-16 Bricklet and exits

tinkerforge `dispatch` `io16-bricklet` [<option>..] <uid> <callback>

  Parameters:

  - <uid> -- string
  - <callback> -- string

  The `dispatch` command is used to dispatch a callback of the IO-16 Bricklet. It can take several options:

  - `--help` shows help for the specific `dispatch` command and exits
  - `--list-callbacks` shows a list of known callbacks of the IO-16 Bricklet and exits

tinkerforge call `io16-bricklet` <uid> `<function>` [<option>..] [<argument>..]

  Parameters:

  - <uid> -- string
  - <function> -- string

  The `<function>` to be called can take different options depending of its kind. All functions can take the following options:

  - `--help` shows help for the specific function and exits

  Getter functions can take the following options:

  - `--execute <command>` shell command line to execute for each incoming response (see section about output formatting for details)

  Setter functions can take the following options:

  - `--expect-response` requests response and waits for it

  The `--expect-response` option for setter functions allows to detect timeouts and other error conditions calls of setters as well. The device will then send a response for this purpose. If this option is not given for a setter function then no response is send and errors are silently ignored, because they cannot be detected.

tinkerforge dispatch `io16-bricklet` <uid> `<callback>` [<option>..]

  Parameters:

  - <uid> -- string
  - <callback> -- string

  The `<callback>` to be dispatched can take several options:

  - `--help` shows help for the specific callback and exits
  - `--execute <command>` shell command line to execute for each incoming response (see section about output formatting for details)

### Basic Functions

tinkerforge call `io16-bricklet` <uid> `set-port` <port> <value-mask>

  Parameters:

  - <port> -- char
  - <value-mask> -- int

  Output: | no output

  Sets the output value (high or low) for a port ("a" or "b") with a bitmask (8bit). A 1 in the bitmask means high and a 0 in the bitmask means low.

  For example: The value 15 or 0b00001111 will turn the pins 0-3 high and the pins 4-7 low for the specified port.

  Note

  This function does nothing for pins that are configured as input. Pull-up resistors can be switched on with `set-port-configuration`.

tinkerforge call `io16-bricklet` <uid> `get-port` <port>

  Parameters:

  - <port> -- char

  Output:

  - value-mask -- int

  Returns a bitmask of the values that are currently measured on the specified port. This function works if the pin is configured to input as well as if it is configured to output.

tinkerforge call `io16-bricklet` <uid> `set-port-configuration` <port> <selection-mask> <direction> <value>

  Parameters:

  - <port> -- char
  - <selection-mask> -- int
  - <direction> -- char (has symbols)
  - <value> -- bool

  Output: | no output

  Configures the value and direction of a specified port. Possible directions are 'i' and 'o' for input and output.

  If the direction is configured as output, the value is either high or low (set as true or false).

  If the direction is configured as input, the value is either pull-up or default (set as true or false).

  For example:

  - ('a', 255, 'i', true) or ('a', 0b11111111, 'i', true) will set all pins of port A as input pull-up.
  - ('a', 128, 'i', false) or ('a', 0b10000000, 'i', false) will set pin 7 of port A as input default (floating if nothing is connected).
  - ('b', 3, 'o', false) or ('b', 0b00000011, 'o', false) will set pins 0 and 1 of port B as output low.
  - ('b', 4, 'o', true) or ('b', 0b00000100, 'o', true) will set pin 2 of port B as output high.

  The default configuration is input with pull-up.

  The following symbols are available for this function:

  - `in` = i, for <direction>
  - `out` = o, for <direction>

tinkerforge call `io16-bricklet` <uid> `get-port-configuration` <port>

  Parameters:

  - <port> -- char

  Output:

  - direction-mask -- int
  - value-mask -- int

  Returns a direction bitmask and a value bitmask for the specified port. A 1 in the direction bitmask means input and a 0 in the bitmask means output.

  For example: A return value of (15, 51) or (0b00001111, 0b00110011) for direction and value means that:

  - pins 0 and 1 are configured as input pull-up,
  - pins 2 and 3 are configured as input default,
  - pins 4 and 5 are configured as output high
  - and pins 6 and 7 are configured as output low.

tinkerforge call `io16-bricklet` <uid> `get-edge-count` <pin> <reset-counter>

  Parameters:

  - <pin> -- int
  - <reset-counter> -- bool

  Output:

  - count -- int

  Returns the current value of the edge counter for the selected pin on port A. You can configure the edges that are counted with `set-edge-count-config`.

  If you set the reset counter to true, the count is set back to 0 directly after it is read.

  New in version 2.0.3 (Plugin).

### Advanced Functions

tinkerforge call `io16-bricklet` <uid> `set-port-monoflop` <port> <selection-mask> <value-mask> <time>

  Parameters:

  - <port> -- char
  - <selection-mask> -- int
  - <value-mask> -- int
  - <time> -- int

  Output: | no output

  Configures a monoflop of the pins specified by the second parameter as 8 bit long bitmask. The specified pins must be configured for output. Non-output pins will be ignored.

  The third parameter is a bitmask with the desired value of the specified output pins. A 1 in the bitmask means high and a 0 in the bitmask means low.

  The forth parameter indicates the time (in ms) that the pins should hold the value.

  If this function is called with the parameters ('a', 9, 1, 1500) or ('a', 0b00001001, 0b00000001, 1500): Pin 0 will get high and pin 3 will get low on port 'a'. In 1.5s pin 0 will get low and pin 3 will get high again.

  A monoflop can be used as a fail-safe mechanism. For example: Lets assume you have a RS485 bus and an IO-16 Bricklet connected to one of the slave stacks. You can now call this function every second, with a time parameter of two seconds and pin 0 set to high. Pin 0 will be high all the time. If now the RS485 connection is lost, then pin 0 will get low in at most two seconds.

tinkerforge call `io16-bricklet` <uid> `get-port-monoflop` <port> <pin>

  Parameters:

  - <port> -- char
  - <pin> -- int

  Output:

  - value -- int
  - time -- int
  - time-remaining -- int

  Returns (for the given pin) the current value and the time as set by `set-port-monoflop` as well as the remaining time until the value flips.

  If the timer is not running currently, the remaining time will be returned as 0.

tinkerforge call `io16-bricklet` <uid> `set-selected-values` <port> <selection-mask> <value-mask>

  Parameters:

  - <port> -- char
  - <selection-mask> -- int
  - <value-mask> -- int

  Output: | no output

  Sets the output value (high or low) for a port ("a" or "b" with a bitmask, according to the selection mask. The bitmask is 8 bit long and a 1 in the bitmask means high and a 0 in the bitmask means low.

  For example: The parameters ('a', 192, 128) or ('a', 0b11000000, 0b10000000) will turn pin 7 high and pin 6 low on port A, pins 0-6 will remain untouched.

  Note

  This function does nothing for pins that are configured as input. Pull-up resistors can be switched on with `SetConfiguration()`.

tinkerforge call `io16-bricklet` <uid> `set-edge-count-config` <pin> <edge-type> <debounce>

  Parameters:

  - <pin> -- int
  - <edge-type> -- int (has symbols)
  - <debounce> -- int

  Output: | no output

  Configures the edge counter for the selected pin of port A. Pins 0 and 1 are available for edge counting.

  The edge type parameter configures if rising edges, falling edges or both are counted if the pin is configured for input. Possible edge types are:

  - 0 = rising (default)
  - 1 = falling
  - 2 = both

  The debounce time is given in ms.

  Configuring an edge counter resets its value to 0.

  If you don't know what any of this means, just leave it at default. The default configuration is very likely OK for you.

  Default values: 0 (edge type) and 100ms (debounce time)

  The following symbols are available for this function:

  - `rising` = 0, for <edge-type>
  - `falling` = 1, for <edge-type>
  - `both` = 2, for <edge-type>

  New in version 2.0.3 (Plugin).

tinkerforge call `io16-bricklet` <uid> `get-edge-count-config` <pin>

  Parameters:

  - <pin> -- int

  Output:

  - edge-type -- int (has symbols)
  - debounce -- int

  Returns the edge type and debounce time for the selected pin of port A as set by `set-edge-count-config`.

  The following symbols are available for this function:

  - `rising` = 0, for edge-type
  - `falling` = 1, for edge-type
  - `both` = 2, for edge-type

  New in version 2.0.3 (Plugin).

tinkerforge call `io16-bricklet` <uid> `get-identity`

  Output:

  - uid -- string
  - connected-uid -- string
  - position -- char
  - hardware-version -- int,int,int
  - firmware-version -- int,int,int
  - device-identifier -- int (has symbols)

  Returns the UID, the UID where the Bricklet is connected to, the position, the hardware and firmware version as well as the device identifier.

  The position can be 'a', 'b', 'c' or 'd'.

  The device identifier numbers can be found here.

### Callback Configuration Functions

tinkerforge call `io16-bricklet` <uid> `set-debounce-period` <debounce>

  Parameters:

  - <debounce> -- int

  Output: | no output

  Sets the debounce period of the `interrupt` callback in ms.

  For example: If you set this value to 100, you will get the interrupt maximal every 100ms. This is necessary if something that bounces is connected to the IO-16 Bricklet, such as a button.

  The default value is 100.

tinkerforge call `io16-bricklet` <uid> `get-debounce-period`

  Output:

  - debounce -- int

  Returns the debounce period as set by `set-debounce-period`.

tinkerforge call `io16-bricklet` <uid> `set-port-interrupt` <port> <interrupt-mask>

  Parameters:

  - <port> -- char
  - <interrupt-mask> -- int

  Output: | no output

  Sets the pins on which an interrupt is activated with a bitmask. Interrupts are triggered on changes of the voltage level of the pin, i.e. changes from high to low and low to high.

  For example: ('a', 129) or ('a', 0b10000001) will enable the interrupt for pins 0 and 7 of port a.

  The interrupt is delivered with the callback `interrupt`.

tinkerforge call `io16-bricklet` <uid> `get-port-interrupt` <port>

  Parameters:

  - <port> -- char

  Output:

  - interrupt-mask -- int

  Returns the interrupt bitmask for the specified port as set by `set-port-interrupt`.

### Callbacks

Callbacks can be used to receive time critical or recurring data from the device:

    tinkerforge dispatch io16-bricklet <uid> example

The available callbacks are described below.

Note

Using callbacks for recurring events is always preferred compared to using getters. It will use less USB bandwidth and the latency will be a lot better, since there is no round trip time.

tinkerforge dispatch `io16-bricklet` <uid> `interrupt`

  Output:

  - port -- char
  - interrupt-mask -- int
  - value-mask -- int

  This callback is triggered whenever a change of the voltage level is detected on pins where the interrupt was activated with `set-port-interrupt`.

  The values are the port, a bitmask that specifies which interrupts occurred and the current value bitmask of the port.

  For example:

  - ('a', 1, 1) or ('a', 0b00000001, 0b00000001) means that on port A an interrupt on pin 0 occurred and currently pin 0 is high and pins 1-7 are low.
  - ('b', 129, 254) or ('b', 0b10000001, 0b11111110) means that on port B interrupts on pins 0 and 7 occurred and currently pin 0 is low and pins 1-7 are high.

tinkerforge dispatch `io16-bricklet` <uid> `monoflop-done`

  Output:

  - port -- char
  - selection-mask -- int
  - value-mask -- int

  This callback is triggered whenever a monoflop timer reaches 0. The parameters contain the port, the involved pins and the current value of the pins (the value after the monoflop).

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